Maharashtra Pollution Control Board was established on 7th September,1970 under the provisions of Maharashtra Prevention of Water Pollution Act,1969. The Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 that is a central legislation was adopted in Maharashtra on 1.6.81 and accordingly Maharashtra Pollution Control Board was formed under the provisions of section 4 of Water (P& CP) Act, 1974. The Air (P&CP) Act 1981 was adopted in the Maharashtra in1983 and initially, some areas were declared as Air Pollution Control Area on 2.5.83. The entire state of Maharashtra has been declared as Air Pollution Control Area since 6.11.96. The Board is also functioning as the State Board under section 5 of the Air (P&CP) Act, 1981.

The Board Consists of Chairman, Member Secretary and Official and Non-Official Members as laid down under the provisions of section 4 of the Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 and section 5 of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981.